Nhazi, ọkwa na ogo nke osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ ọ bụghị naanị na-ebute mgbu mgbe niile na azụ ma ọ bụ n'olu, mmetụta nke mkpali ezughị ezu, ma ọ bụ nkwụsị nke obi. Ọ dị ize ndụ site na ịpịkọta mgbọrọgwụ akwara, nke nwere ike ime ka ahụ mkpọnwụ, adịghị enwe mmetụta, ọrụ erectile, na fecal na urinary incontinence. N'ịzụlite na spain cervical, osteochondrosis na-eduga ná mmebi nke ọbara na-enye ụbụrụ ụbụrụ, nke na-akpata isi ọwụwa, isi ọwụwa, na ọrụ uche na-akawanye njọ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbanwe ndị na-eme n'otu akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ na-agbasa n'oge na-adịghị anya na akụkụ ndị ọzọ, na mgbe ahụ na ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ dum.

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-atụle ụdị na nhazi ọkwa (ogo, ọkwa) nke osteochondrosis. Nke a ga-enyere onye nwere ụdị nchọpụta ahụ aka ịghọta nke ọma ọnọdụ ha ugbu a na mmepe nke ọrịa a na ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ime.

Ụdị na nhazi nke ọrịa ahụ

Osteochondrosis bụ mmebi nke ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ, iwepụ mkpụrụ ndụ nwụrụ anwụ na ngwaahịa ha metabolic (nke a na-akpọ "slags") na diski (akpụkpọ ahụ na-adọrọ adọrọ pụrụ iche) n'etiti vertebrae, yana akụkụ nke vertebral ozu. n'akụkụ ya site n'okpuru na n'elu.

Kedu ihe bụ osteochondrosis?

N'ime ndị okenye, a na-aghọta nchoputa nke "osteochondrosis" naanị dị ka mmepe nke dystrophic (nke metụtara erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ) na cartilage nke spine. Ọ bụrụ na, na ndị okenye, usoro yiri osteochondrosis (mkpa nke cartilaginous anụ ahụ lining otu na ọkpụkpụ ndị ọzọ nke nkwonkwo, ụdi mgbanwe na ọkpụkpụ n'onwe ha) na-eme na otu n'ime nkwonkwo (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ikpere nkwonkwo), nke a bụ. a na-akpọ deforming osteoarthritis.

N'oge uto (site na 11 ruo 18 afọ), a na-etinye okwu ahụ bụ "osteochondrosis" ọ bụghị naanị na ọkpụkpụ azụ. A na-akpọ usoro a osteochondrosis na-eto eto (ntorobịa). Mgbe ọ na-etolite na ọkpụkpụ azụ, a na-akpọ ya ọrịa Scheuermann. Mana ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe mpaghara mpaghara ndị ọzọ (maka nkọwa ndị ọzọ, lee ngalaba kwekọrọ).

Nkewa nke osteochondrosis na-eburu n'uche:

• nke ngalaba erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ mepụtara (nkewa site na mpaghara);
• otú e si emetụta diski intervertebral nke ukwuu (nhazi nke osteochondrosis site na oge);
• ma ọ dị ugbu a nnukwu mbufụt ma ọ bụ na ọ na-ebelata (nhazi nke ụlọ site na nkebi).

Ndị okenye nwekwara ụdị osteochondrosis dị iche. Nke a bụ ọrịa Kienböck na ndị okenye (osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ lunate, nke dị n'etiti ọkpụkpụ nke nkwojiaka).

Nchọpụta ahụ nwekwara ike igosi na osteochondrosis bụ post-traumatic. Nke a pụtara na mmalite nke mmebi nke nhazi nke diski intervertebral, efere hyaline dị n'etiti vertebral ahụ na diski, yana akụkụ vertebral n'onwe ha, kpatara trauma. Mmerụ ahụ nwere ike ịdị ngwa ngwa na nke siri ike (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-enwe nkụda mmụọ siri ike na spain), mana osteochondrosis post-traumatic nwekwara ike ịmalite n'ihi mmerụ ahụ na-adịgide adịgide nke enweghị ike dị ukwuu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, tilts mgbe niile na ibu na ndị na-ebu ibu). ma ọ bụ ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-eme tilts, na-ebuli mgbịrịgba na-enweghị nlekọta nke onye nkụzi nwere ahụmahụ).

Osteocondritis nke spine

A na-ekewa osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ n'ụdị dị iche iche. Nke a bụ:

1. Osteochondrosis nke mpaghara cervical.
2. Osteochondrosis nke mpaghara thoracic.
3. Osteochondrosis nke lumbar.
4. Osteochondrosis nke mpaghara sacral.


Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-ewere lumbar na sacral osteochondrosis dị ka otu ọrịa - osteochondrosis nke spine lumbosacral. Nke a bụ n'ihi njirimara nhazi nke akụkụ ndị a nke azụ (anyị ga-atụle nke a na ngalaba ndị dị mkpa).

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, osteochondrosis nke coccyx nwere ike ịmalite mgbe a na-emetụta cartilage articular n'etiti sacrum (na ndị okenye ọ bụ 5 fused vertebrae) na coccyx (ọ mejupụtara 3-5 vertebrae). Ọrịa a na-adịkarị na ụmụ nwanyị mgbe a mụsịrị nwa (karịsịa mgbe nne nwere pelvis dị warara ma ọ bụ ịdị arọ nke nwa ebu n'afọ karịrị kilogram 4), mana enwere ike ịmalite site na mmerụ ahụ, ọrụ na mmebi nke ọkpụkpụ azụ a. N'ihi njirimara nhazi nke nkwonkwo sacrococcygeal (enweghị nke nucleus pulposus n'ime ya - ebe etiti na-ama jijiji nke dị n'etiti vertebrae nke cervical, thoracic na lumbar mpaghara), ọ ka mma ịkpọ mmebi nke cartilage articular. Ọ bụ arthrosis nke nkwonkwo sacrococcygeal karịa osteochondrosis.

Osteochondrosis nwekwara ike ịmalite n'ihe karịrị otu akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ. Mgbe usoro dị otú ahụ na-etolite n'ime ihe karịrị abụọ, a na-akpọ ya ebe niile.

A na-atụle mgbaàmà nke ụdị ọrịa ọ bụla n'ụzọ zuru ezu na isiokwu "Mgbaàmà na ihe ịrịba ama nke osteochondrosis".

Obere ihe gbasara okwu okwu. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị (4) kwenyere na okwu ahụ bụ "intervertebral osteochondrosis" bụ ihe a na-anabataghị. Nke mbụ, n'ihi usoro a, a na-emetụta ma akụkụ ahụ vertebral (nke a gosipụtara na prefix "osteo-"), na cartilage articular - njedebe nke akụkụ vertebral ("-chondrosis"). Ya bụ, ọ bụghị naanị diski intervertebral na-ata ahụhụ, kamakwa ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Ya mere, ọ ga-abụ ihe ziri ezi ịsị "osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ", ọ bụghị n'ụzọ ọ bụla ọzọ.

Osteochondrosis nke spine cervical

A na-eji njirimara ndị a mara mpaghara cervical:


• nke a bụ nanị akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ ebe intervertebral diski adịghị n'ebe nile n'etiti vertebrae: ọ dịghị n'etiti 1st vertebra na azụ nke isi, nakwa dị ka n'etiti 1st na 2nd cervical vertebrae;
• akụkụ ndị dị n'akụkụ nke vertebrae dị n'okpuru na-ekpuchi vertebrae na-ekpuchi elu site n'akụkụ: ọ na-apụta na nke ikpeazụ yiri ka ọ nọ ọdụ na "saddle";
• akụkụ nke ozu nke cervical vertebrae na-agbatị ma na-ele anya dị ka nko na-atụ aka elu, nke mere na a na-akpọ ha "ụdị nko". Ụdị "nko" dị otú ahụ na akụkụ nke vertebra na-ekpuchi elu abụghị nanị na kọntaktị: n'etiti ha enwere otu nkwonkwo ahụ dị na akụkụ ahụ: site n'elu, a na-ekpuchi ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na cartilage, na capsule articular na-ekpuchi nkwonkwo ahụ. Njikọ ndị a na-enye gị ohere ịme ihe ndị ọzọ, nke dị naanị na ngalaba mmegharị a - tilt na ntụgharị. Ma ha "na-ebu" nsogbu ndị ọzọ - arthrosis (thinning nke cartilage nke articular) nwere ike ịmalite n'ime ha. Na nke a bụ ebe a na-emepụta osteophytes. Nke a dị ize ndụ: eriri akwara ma ọ bụ arịa ọbara na-agafe na ngalaba ndị a nwere ike ịpịkọta osteophytes.

Site na mmepe nke osteochondrosis na mpaghara cervical, mgbe diski intervertebral na-adịwanye njọ, na vertebrae n'onwe ya yiri ka ọ na-ada mbà, ihe oriri na nkwonkwo n'etiti "nko" nke vertebra dị n'okpuru na ahụ nke vertebra dị elu na-ewute. N'okwu a, arthrosis nke nkwonkwo a na-aghọ mgbagwoju anya nke osteochondrosis.

Na mpaghara vertebral cervical, ụdị mmegharị ọ bụla ga-ekwe omume:

• ndọtị na mgbanwe;
• agbagọ n'akụkụ;
• tụgharịa,

ebe olu mmegharị ndị a buru oke ibu. Nke a bụ ihe ize ndụ na mmepe nke osteochondrosis, nke e ji mara naanị maka mpaghara cervical.

A na-ahụ mmegharị kachasị ukwuu na nkwonkwo n'etiti 4th na 5th, yana 5th na 6th cervical vertebrae (10, 11). Osteochondrosis anaghị emetụta akụkụ akwara dị n'etiti vertebra nke mbụ na azụ nke isi, yana cartilage dị n'etiti 1st na 2nd vertebrae.

Ihe owuwu kachasị mkpa na mpaghara cervical bụ:


• n'akụkụ akụkụ nke cervical vertebrae niile, na usoro ntụgharị ha, enwere oghere maka akwara vertebral na-agafe ebe a, na-ebuga ọbara na ụbụrụ;
• n'ime akpa cervical vertebra (ọ dị nnọọ iche na "nkịtị" cervical vertebrae) enwere mgbanwe nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ na ọkpụkpụ azụ;
• n'okpuru 1 cervical vertebrae, mgbọrọgwụ mbụ nke cervical nke irighiri akwara na-amalite ịpụta site na ọkpụkpụ azụ. Ọzọkwa, n'etiti vertebrae abụọ (n'elu na nke ala), otu ụzọ nke irighiri akwara na-apụ apụ (n'etiti 1 na 2 vertebrae, 1 ụzọ nke irighiri akwara, n'etiti 2 na 3 - nke abụọ, na na). Atọ nke mbụ n'ime ha na-aga n'olu na akụkụ ya (thyroid gland, pharynx, larynx, trachea), akụkụ ya na anya na ntị. Ụzọ nke anọ nke irighiri akwara na-aga na akwara iku ume - diaphragm, site na nke ise ruo nke asaa ha na-etinye aka (na-enye akara akwara) n'aka.

Site na osteochondrosis na ọkwa ya ọzọ - diski herniated, enwere ike imebi ihe ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a. Ihe ndị a bụ ọnọdụ ndị na-eyi ndụ egwu. Ma ọtụtụ mgbe, osteochondrosis na-etolite na mpaghara cervical dị ala, na-emebi ma ọ bụ 5, ma ọ bụ 6, ma ọ bụ 7 mgbọrọgwụ akwara azụ, n'ihi nke uche (ntụgharị, okpomọkụ, vibration) na mmegharị nke otu aka na-ewute, na mgbu na-apụta. n'ime ya (ya na n'akụkụ ebe intervertebral foramen dị warara).

Osteochondrosis nke mpaghara thoracic



Ụdị osteochondrosis a dị ụkọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi ntakịrị obere mmegharị na mpaghara thoracic.

A na-ejikọta nke ọ bụla n'ime vertebrae thoracic ọ bụghị nanị na vertebrae (n'elu na ala), kamakwa na ọgịrịga (a na-ejikọta vertebra ọ bụla na otu ụzọ). Nke a na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke mpaghara thoracic na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ azụ.

Oghere nke akwara azụ azụ dị ntakịrị karịa na ngalaba ndị ọzọ. Ugbua ọwa mmiri nke ọkpụkpụ azụ na-agafe. Ya mere, ya ọbụna ukwuu narrowing na uto nke osteophytes (ọkpụkpụ "ogwu" si vertebrae) nwere ike ime ka mmebi nke ọbara na-enye na ọgidigi azụ (ọkpụkpụ strok).

Dị ka akụkụ nke mgbọrọgwụ thoracic nke akwara azụ (e nwere 12 n'ime ha, dị ka vertebrae), ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke irighiri akwara nke autonomic ụjọ usoro na-agafe. Ya mere, mgbe a na-emebi eriri akwara na mpaghara thoracic, mgbe ahụ na mgbakwunye na imebi ọrụ nke akụkụ ahụ ha na-aga:

• site na mgbọrọgwụ n'etiti cervical ikpeazụ na nke mbụ thoracic vertebrae, akụkụ nke eriri akwara na-aga na anya (ụmụ akwụkwọ, akwara okirikiri nke anya);
• site na akụkụ abụọ mbụ - na aka;
• site na nke abụọ na nke iri fọdụrụ - na akụkụ nke oghere obi (obi, ngụgụ, nnukwu arịa), na akụkụ nke oghere abdominal (imeju, afo) na oghere retroperitoneal (pancreas, akụrụ) (1),

A ga-enwekwa mgbaàmà nke nkwụsị nke autonomic ụjọ usoro: arrhythmias, nchegbu ma ọ bụ egwu nke obi njide, sweating, mmetụta nke okpomọkụ (nke a na-akpọ "ọkụ ọkụ"), pallor, ngwa ngwa iku ume.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, akụkụ nke anọ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ, nke dị na ọkwa nke 2nd thoracic vertebra, bụ ebe dị egwu nke na-enye ọbara na akụkụ a. Na mbelata nke dayameta nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ, ọrịa strok (ọnwụ nke akụkụ ọkpụkpụ azụ) ga-etolite ngwa ngwa ebe a karịa mmebi nke ọkpụkpụ azụ n'ebe ndị ọzọ.

Osteochondrosis anaghị etolite na diski n'etiti 1 na 2, yana n'etiti 2 na 3 vertebrae. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ na-eme na mpaghara 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, ebe enwere oke azụ azụ azụ nke spine (kyphosis).

Osteochondrosis nke spine lumbar



Osteochondrosis nke spine lumbar na-apụta n'ihe dịka 50% nke ikpe. Nke a bụ n'ihi nnukwu ibu dị na akụkụ a nke ọkpụkpụ azụ (ọ ghaghị ịkwado ịdị arọ nke ahụ), nke na-abawanye ọbụna karịa na squats (ọrụ muscular gbakwunyere mgbanwe n'etiti ike ndọda nke ahụ), ibuli ibu, ụfọdụ mmegharị na-ezighị ezi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-egwu bọl, mgbe ị ga-ejide bọl ahụ, na-arụ ọrụ muscular, na-ebugharị etiti nke ike ndọda ọ bụghị n'etiti, ma na nsọtụ nkwonkwo n'etiti vertebrae abụọ).

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mpaghara lumbar dị nnọọ mkpagharị ma jikọta spine thoracic na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na sacral na-adịghị mma.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọnya nke diski intervertebral, nke sitere na osteochondrosis na-amalite, kwekọrọ na ọdịiche dị n'etiti 4th na 5th vertebrae (a na-ahụ n'elu lumbar lordosis ebe a - ọkpụkpụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ), obere oge - n'etiti 5th lumbar. na 1 sacral vertebrae. Akụkụ ndị a kacha ebufe ibu. Diski dị n'etiti 1st na 2nd na 2nd na 3rd vertebrae na-emetụta obere oge n'ihi na ha nwere ezigbo njem.

Osteochondrosis nke sacrum



Osteochondrosis dịpụrụ adịpụ nke mpaghara sacral anaghị etolite. Nke a bụ n'ihi na a na-ejikọta vertebrae ebe a, a na-amanye ibu ahụ dum ka ekesa ya ozugbo na ngalaba dum. Osteochondrosis na sacrum na-etolite mgbe mpaghara lumbar tara ahụhụ (n'ihi osteochondrosis, mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọrịa ndị ọzọ), na vertebrae ise jikọtara ya aghaghị iguzogide ibu dị elu.

Na enweghị nkwarụ azụ azụ, sacrum kwesịrị ịdị n'ogo 30-ogo na axis kwụ ọtọ nke ahụ iji nọgide na-enwe nguzozi na ọkpụkpụ pelvic gbatịrị. Ma ọ bụrụ na mbụ sacral vertebra protrudes na-aga n'ihu ntakịrị karịa ka ọ dị mkpa (n'ihi a congenital anomaly ma ọ bụ mmerụ), nke a ga-amachi ohere maka mgbọrọgwụ nke spinal irighiri akwara na-apụta site na 1 sacral akụkụ, yana arịa. Ọ bụrụ na nke a jikọtara ya na sacralization (mmụba nke ikpeazụ lumbar vertebra na sacral nke mbụ), mgbe ahụ, a ga-ebelata ebe maka mgbọrọgwụ nke akụkụ nke abụọ nke sacral. Mgbe ahụ, osteochondrosis nke tolitere ebe a (karịsịa osteophytes dị n'azụ) na nsogbu ya (intervertebral hernia) ga-eme onwe ya ngwa ngwa na ọrịa mgbu nke dị na perineum na apata ụkwụ dị n'ime.

Ekwesiri ighota na sacralization nke spine anaghị eme ozugbo amuchara nwa. Njikọ nke ikpeazụ lumbar vertebra na sacrum na-amalite mgbe ọ dị afọ 13-14, na-agwụ site na afọ 23-25. Enwere ọnọdụ mgbe sacral vertebra nke mbụ na-anọgide na-ejikọtaghị ndụ niile, na-arụ ọrụ nke 6th lumbar. Ndị dị otú ahụ anomalies na-emepụta ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa maka mmepe nke osteochondrosis ebe a, na-ejikọta ya na-abụghị mmechi (zuo ezu ma ọ bụ ele mmadụ anya n'ihu) nke sacral kanaal - a curved tube nke sacral irighiri akwara na-esi na spain site sacral foramina.

Osteochondrosis nke cervical na thoracic spain

Osteochondrosis nke cervical na thoracic spine na-eme mgbe mmadụ anaghị aṅa ntị na usoro dystrophic mepụtara na diski dị n'etiti cervical vertebrae dị ala. N'ihi ya, "okirikiri n'elu mmiri" na-amalite ịpụ na "nkume" dị otú ahụ - ọkpụkpụ azụ (thoracic) na-amalite itinye aka na usoro ahụ.

Ọnọdụ mgbe akụkụ sitere na mpaghara cervical na thoracic, nke dị anya site na ibe ha, na-enwe mgbanwe na diski na vertebrae gbara ya gburugburu, na-etolite obere oge.

Osteochondrosis nke lumbar na sacral

Sacrum dum na nke ikpeazụ vertebra nke lumbar bụ ihe ndabere nke ọkpụkpụ azụ dum - ha na-enye nkwado ya ma nwee ahụmahụ kachasị elu. Ọ bụrụ na ibu ndị ọzọ na-adakwasị ya, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, ihe ndị dị mkpa nke hormonal na-etolite maka nke a, ma ọ bụ na mmadụ na-enweta ụkọ microvibration mgbe niile, osteochondrosis nke mpaghara lumbosacral na-amalite (ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịhụ ebe a: "Ihe na-akpata osteochondrosis").

Disk dị n'etiti vertebrae lumbar na-ata ahụhụ na mbụ, mgbe ahụ (dị ka usoro a kọwara na ngalaba nke gara aga) sacrum na-etinye aka na usoro ahụ. Ọzọkwa, lumbosacral osteochondrosis na-akpọkarị ọnọdụ mgbe nkwonkwo n'etiti ikpeazụ lumbar vertebra na sacrum na-enwe mgbanwe dystrophic.

Gburugburu ma ọ bụ polysegmental



Ọrịa ahụ na-etolite na 12% nke ọrịa osteochondrosis. Nke a bụ ụdị ọrịa kachasị njọ, mgbe usoro dystrophic na-eme n'ọtụtụ akụkụ (akụkụ bụ vertebrae abụọ, elu na nke dị ala, gbara gburugburu diski intervertebral emetụtara) nke ọkpụkpụ azụ. Akụkụ abụọ nke otu ngalaba (dịka ọmụmaatụ, osteochondrosis nke diski n'etiti 4th na 5th na 6-7th cervical vertebrae) na akụkụ ndị na-enweghị njikọ nke ngalaba dị iche iche nwere ike imetụta. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, osteochondrosis nke diski n'etiti 4-5 cervical vertebrae (C4-C5) na diski n'etiti 4 na 5 lumbar vertebrae (L4-L5) nwere ike ịmalite.

Ebe ọ bụ na osteochondrosis polysegmental, ọ naghị eme na mkpasu iwe na-etolite na ngalaba niile n'otu oge. Ọtụtụ mgbe, mkpasu iwe na-etolite n'otu ngalaba, mgbe ahụ na nke ọzọ. Nke a butere mpụta ụdị ọrịa "ụlọ" dị ka osteochondrosis na-awagharị awagharị. Nkà mmụta ọgwụ gọọmentị aghọtaghị ya ma họpụta onye merela onwe ya ihe ọmụmụ ndị ọzọ iji ghọta ihe kpatara mgbaàmà ya.

Oge (oge)



Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke oge a na-akọwa osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ dị ka usoro na-adịghị ala ala nke na-adịkarị mfe ịmaliteghachi. Na-etolite na nwata (nke kachasị n'ihi mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ mmegharị na-ezighị ezi, ibuli ibu), ọ na-aga n'ihu na ọnụego dị iche iche, nwere ike ịdalata (mgbaghara nke osteochondrosis na-apụta), ma ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu. N'ime ndị agadi, n'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, a na-ahụ ọrịa ahụ ngwa ngwa.

Ndị ọkà mmụta akwara na-amata ọdịiche dị iche iche (oge) dabere n'otú e si agbanwe ihe owuwu nke diski intervertebral:

1. m oge.N'ebe a, enwere mbelata nke mmiri na nhazi nke nucleus pulposus - ebe na-ama jijiji nke diski intervertebral, na mgbawa na-apụta na mgbanaka fibrous ya. Nucleus pulposus na-agbanwe ma na-atụgharị n'azụ (na-aga n'azụ ligamenti ogologo oge, nke na-aga n'akụkụ azụ nke akụkụ vertebral). Mmegharị intradiscal dị otú ahụ nke nucleus pulposus na-akpata iwe nke irighiri akwara na-agafe (na mpaghara cervical - sinuvertebral). A na-egosipụta nke a site na obere ihe mgbu n'olu ma ọ bụ akụkụ kwekọrọ na azụ azụ, isi ike nke mmegharị ahụ, nkuchi nke ọnọdụ pụrụ iche nke enwere ihe mgbu. Ọ bụrụ na osteochondrosis na-etolite na mpaghara lumbar, a na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ lumbar lordosis dị nro.
2. II ogemara site na nhazi nke subluxations, pathological agagharị na akụkụ emetụtara nke ọkpụkpụ azụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi n'eziokwu na cartilage-dị ka anụ ahụ nke diski (annulus fibrosus), nke dị na gburugburu nucleus pulposus, na-amalite iji nwayọọ nwayọọ kpoo - ịdị elu nke diski ahụ na-ebelata. N'ebe annulus fibrosus na-esiwanye ike karị, nucleus pulposus na-agba ọsọ, na-enyere aka n'ihu n'ihu ya (na-emekarị nke a na-eme na ntụziaka nke eriri ogologo ogologo oge na-esighị ike). A na-egosipụta oge a nke osteochondrosis site na mgbu na ọkwa nke akụkụ ahụ emetụtara, akwara dị n'elu na n'okpuru akụkụ ahụ na-adịwanye njọ mgbe niile, na-agbalị ijide vertebrae ka ọ ghara imebi ọkpụkpụ azụ.
3. III ogee ji mgbawa zuru oke nke mgbanaka fibrous, ya mere, nucleus pulposus na-eme ka ọ na-agagharị na ya ma na-apụta n'etiti vertebrae (a na-emepụta hernia intervertebral). Nucleus pulposus nwere ike ịbanye n'ime lumen nke spinal canal (disc sequestration). Cartilages nke na-ekpuchi vertebrae na-aghọ nke dị ntakịrị n'ihi na oyi akwa dị n'etiti ha na-adị ntakịrị. Mgbaàmà nke ogbo na-adabere na ntụziaka nke intervertebral diski a na-apụ: ọ bụrụ na n'akụkụ oghere nke mgbọrọgwụ ọkpụkpụ na-esi na ya pụta, a ga-enwe ihe mgbu nke na-agbasa n'akụkụ eriri akwara (ya bụ, ọ bụrụ na osteochondrosis na-etolite na ya). akụkụ cervical dị ala ma ọ bụ nke elu thoracic, a ga-enwe mmetụta na ogwe aka, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ na lumbar - mgbe ahụ na ụkwụ), mmetụta nke akụkụ ahụ dị n'ime ahụ na-ata ahụhụ; ma ọ bụrụ na n'akụkụ nke spinal canal tinyere midline, azụ mgbu na-aghọ mgbe nile, mkpagharị na uche nke akụkụ ahụ na-akpaghasị, ọrụ nke esịtidem akụkụ nke na-enweta innervation si emetụta akụkụ na-ata ahụhụ, ma ọ bụrụ na nucleus pulposus abanye n'ime. vertebra nke dị n'elu ma ọ bụ n'okpuru, a ga-enwe usoro asymptomatic nke ọrịa ahụ;
4. IV oge.A na-edochi anụ ahụ nke diski intervertebral emetụtara site na anụ ahụ na-ahụ anya, n'ihi nke mmegharị na mpaghara azụ azụ a dị oke ma ọ bụ furu efu. N'akụkụ ndị agbata obi, a na-amanye vertebrae ka ọ gbanwee, mbufụt na arthrosis na-etolite n'etiti usoro ha. Osteophytes na-amalite ịpụta site na ọkpụkpụ - ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ. Njikọ ogologo ogologo nwere ike mebie. N'ọnụ ọnụ nke vertebrae nke osteophytes na-emezi na ligament ossified na-esote ha na-etolite ụdị nkwado ọkpụkpụ. Nke a bụ spondylarthrosis.

Mgbe akwara na-etinye aka na usoro ahụ, na-agbalị ime ka ọkpụkpụ azụ dị ike, spasm na-eme n'ime ha, a na-agbanye ụgbọ mmiri mpaghara. N'ihi nke a, edema na-etolite, nke na-agbanye mgbọrọgwụ akwara. Enwere mgbu. Nke a bụ -oseoseoge ọrịa. Ọ bụrụ na ịmalite ọgwụgwọ n'ime oge a - mechie ọrụ moto na ngalaba mebiri emebi, jiri ọgwụ mgbu (ha bụkwa ndị na-egbu egbu), mgbe ahụ.mbuso aghaosteochondrosis na-apụ n'anya n'ime ụbọchị 5-7. Subacute ma ọ bụ2 ogeọrịa.

Oge subacute na-adị ihe dịka ụbọchị 12-14. Ọ bụrụ na n'oge a ị naghị ajụ oyi, ebulila ibu, emela mmegharị mberede, osteochondrosis na-abanye n'ime mgbaghara.



Nkwaliteosteochondrosis adịkarịghị ịmalite "n'onwe ya" ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ na-elezi anya imeju ụkọ microvibration n'ime ahụ (nke a na-enweta site n'enyemaka nke nnukwu moto na / ma ọ bụ usoro ụda olu) na ịnọgide na-enwe ọbara zuru oke na mpaghara ahụ emetụtara.

Ọkpụkpụ osteochondrosis nwere ike ime:

• hypothermia;
• ibuli ibu;
• nrụgide siri ike;
• mmegharị mberede;
• ịhịa aka n'ahụ na-emeghị nke ọma;
• mmanya na-aba n'anya;
• oyi;
• mgbanwe dị nkọ na okpomọkụ na oyi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịbanye n'ime mmiri oyi mgbe ịsa ahụ ma ọ bụ sauna);
• na-ehulata ugboro ugboro;
• ogologo oge nọrọ n'ọnọdụ agbagọ.

Ogo nke osteochondrosis

N'ime mmepe ya, osteochondrosis na-agafe ọkwa ụfọdụ. A na-akpọ ha degrees, na dabere na ogo, dọkịta na-eme atụmatụ ọgwụgwọ.

Iji ghọta otú ọrịa ahụ si emetụta ọrụ, ikike nke ọrụ onwe onye, oke mmadụ, ndị ọkà mmụta akwara anụ ụlọ na-amata ogo 5 nke osteochondrosis:

ogo	Oke mgbu na mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ	Mmebi nke ikike ịrụ ọrụ na ikike ịrụ ọrụ
1 ogo	Na ogo nke mbụ, ihe mgbu ahụ adịghị mkpa, na-eme n'oge mgbatị ahụ, ma na-apụ n'anya na ezumike. Naanị ihe mgbu nwere ike ịchọta.	Echekwara mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ ọ bụla
2 ogo	Ihe mgbu ahụ adịghị njọ, ọ na-apụta na izu ike, ọ na-abawanye na mmega ahụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ị were ọnọdụ dị mma ma ọ bụ kwụsị ibu ahụ, ihe mgbu na-apụ. N'ọkwa nke abụọ, a na-ahụ mgbanwe na nhazi nke ọkpụkpụ azụ, a na-enwe mmetụta dị nro. Mbugharị nke ọkpụkpụ azụ nwere oke	Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu maka onye na-arụ ọrụ na-abụghị nke anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke dị mfe, a na-echekwa ikike ịrụ ọrụ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ikike ịrụ ọrụ nwere oke. A na-amanye mmadụ ịkwụsịtụ n'ọrụ, na-agbalị izere mgbatị ahụ
ogo 3	Ihe mgbu na-apụtawanye ìhè, na-akawanye njọ site na mgbatị ahụ. A na-ekpughe ihe mgbaàmà akwara ozi nke na-emebi ikike ịrụ ọrụ.	E mebiri. Naanị ndị ọrụ maara ihe nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ. A na-ebelata ikike ime ihe omume ụlọ, mana a na-echekwa nlekọta onwe onye na ikike ịkwaga onwe ya
4 ogo	Na mgbakwunye na mgbu siri ike, mgbaàmà akwara na-apụtakwa: dizziness, enweghị mmetụta	Echefuola maka ọrụ ọ bụla. Enwere ike ịkwaga n'ime ụlọ ahụ, dabere naanị na crutches. Ọ na-agbalị ịkwaga naanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa iji gboo mkpa anụ ahụ.
ogo 5	A na-akpọ mgbu na mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ na ezumike. A na-amanye onye ahụ ịnọrọ n'àkwà.	Echefuola maka ụdị ọrụ ọ bụla. Onye ahụ chọrọ nlekọta.

Osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ, na ngalaba ọ bụla e guzobere na ogo ọ bụla ọ ruru, kwesịrị ka a mata ya na ọgwụgwọ zuru oke n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị. N'otu oge ahụ, ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ịbụ nke zuru oke, na-agụnye ọ bụghị nanị ịṅụ ọgwụ iji belata mgbaàmà, kamakwa usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ (isi) iji wepụ ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa ahụ.